College of Nursing
61 The Essential Role of Effective Naloxone Distribution in Overdose Prevention
Mia Sheneman; Jacob Steenblik; Nehal Bakshi; Kate Flynn; and Marina Griffith
Faculty Mentor: Jacob Steenblik (Nursing, University of Utah)
Opiate overdose is a widespread issue in the United States which has particularly affected Utah. Naloxone, also known as Narcan, is an opioid overdose reversal drug which can effectively stop a lethal overdose by competitively inhibiting opiates from binding to their receptors. Since opioid overdose is a concern within the Salt Lake City community, it is vital that overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) is available, so people are aware of this rescue drug and how to use it, especially if they often encounter people who are at a higher risk of opioid use or abuse.
The purpose of this ongoing quantitative research study is to understand common perceptions of opioid reversal drugs and the need of OEND within the population presenting to the University of Utah Emergency Department (UUED). Survey responses were collected from patients of the UUED using convenience sampling, with a follow-up survey conducted 30 days later via phone call.
Results of our study thus far have suggested that the UUED may benefit from implementing a naloxone distribution program. For example, 23.0% (n=1,267) of respondents stated that they currently have a close friend or family member who uses opioids. Furthermore, 29.6% (n=1,266) of respondents have had a family member or close friend die of a drug overdose. These findings highlight the potential effectiveness of encouraging naloxone carrying among individuals in these communities to help prevent overdose-related deaths. To demonstrate the need for effective distribution programs, 63.3% (n=1,266) stated that they would be interested in receiving a free naloxone kit from the emergency department, yet 30 days later only 5.4% (n=866) of respondents had picked up free naloxone from the provided resources. This difference shows the importance of effective distribution strategies. Although Utah’s public libraries pass out naloxone for free, people may feel more comfortable obtaining it in a setting that they already disclose health information such as the emergency department. The UUED is also more likely to encounter people who are at risk of opioid overdose, making it an excellent place for distribution.
In conclusion, this study highlights the need for effective distribution strategies within opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs. From our follow-up phone calls, 20 out of 862 respondents indicated they had been in a situation where naloxone could have been helpful within the past 30 days. Although this may seem insignificant, each instance represents a scenario where naloxone access could have made a difference. These findings emphasize the University of Utah Emergency Department’s unique opportunity to positively impact lives in Salt Lake City and surrounding communities by enhancing its overdose education and naloxone distribution efforts.